INTRODUCTION

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Currently the major advances in scientific research techniques have been settled much of the unknowns that for a long time, have remained unanswered in the fields of genetics. Putting in evidence a project that has been trying to get out into the open but this has a drawback that goes against moral ethics and calls itself “The Human Genome Project” Whose purpose is through genetics to develop a list of possible diseases, syndromes or complex that the human being is likely to have or already developed, on the other side are the benefits are prevent and cure diseases.

One of the most important developments is the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA, made in 1953 by Watson and Crick biologist, a discovery that caused the foundations of modern molecular biology. Actually this is a discovery of great importance to a lot of new processes. The contents of this information have been shown to depend on the order in which they have different types of nucleic acids to form DNA strands. This sequence is read the same way as you read various letters of the alphabet that make up a word, and are interpreted as a set of rules apply to all living beings and recently discovered which are called the human genome or genetic code. Other significant progress made in the field of genetics is the discovery of mutation sands their influence on living beings.